What is a common clinical manifestation of factor XIII deficiency?

Factor XIII deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder characterized by a quantitative or qualitative deficiency of factor XIII, which is a crucial component in the cascade of blood coagulation. One of the hallmark clinical manifestations associated with this deficiency is umbilical stump hemorrhage.

In newborns, factor XIII is essential for the stabilization of blood clots, particularly in the umbilical cord area. The lack of this factor can result in excessive and prolonged bleeding from the umbilical stump after birth, which is a serious and concerning sign. This bleeding typically occurs within the first few days of life, making it highly indicative of factor XIII deficiency.

Although heavy menstrual bleeding, joint swelling, and spontaneous bruising can occur in other coagulation disorders or bleeding issues, umbilical stump hemorrhage specifically highlights the importance of factor XIII in normal clot formation and stabilization, particularly in neonates. Thus, when considering the most characteristic clinical manifestation of factor XIII deficiency, umbilical stump hemorrhage stands out as the most pertinent symptom.