What is the primary cause of low APGAR scores?

The primary cause of low APGAR scores is prematurity. APGAR scores are assessed at one and five minutes after birth and evaluate the newborn's heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, reflex response, and skin color. Premature infants are at a higher risk for various complications, such as respiratory distress syndrome, which can significantly impact their overall condition right after birth.

Prematurity often results in underdeveloped organs, especially the lungs, leading to inadequate oxygenation and respiratory support, contributing to lower APGAR scores. Additionally, premature infants may struggle with maintaining stable heart rates and exhibit signs of poor muscle tone, both of which are critical factors evaluated in the APGAR scoring system.

While conditions like intraventricular hemorrhage, meconium aspiration syndrome, and respiratory distress syndrome can contribute to low APGAR scores, prematurity is a more fundamental issue that predisposes newborns to these complications and their associated impact on the APGAR assessment.