What is the primary function of placental aromatase?

The primary function of placental aromatase is to facilitate the conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to estriol. This process is crucial during pregnancy, as estriol is one of the predominant estrogens produced during this period. Estriol plays a significant role in maintaining the pregnancy, regulating the uterine environment, and supporting fetal development.

In the placenta, DHEA, which is primarily sourced from the fetal adrenal glands, is transformed into estriol through a series of enzymatic reactions that involve aromatization. This action is essential for ensuring adequate estrogen levels, which are necessary for the growth and development of the fetus as well as the adaptation of the maternal organism to pregnancy.

Understanding this process underscores the importance of placental aromatase in pregnancy and fetal development, as it not only contributes to hormonal balance but also impacts maternal health and fetal outcomes.