What potential problems can aminoglycosides cause during pregnancy?

Aminoglycosides, which are a class of antibiotics, are known to be ototoxic, meaning they can cause hearing loss. In the context of pregnancy, one of the prevailing concerns associated with aminoglycosides is their potential impact on the developing fetus. Aminoglycosides can cross the placenta, and their use during pregnancy is particularly scrutinized due to the risks of adverse effects on the fetus.

Hearing loss is a recognized risk due to the potential for ototoxicity, which can occur in utero if the medication is administered during critical periods of auditory development. It is especially relevant in cases where the mother requires prolonged treatment with these antibiotics or if higher doses are given.

The potential for renal problems is another concern, as aminoglycosides can cause nephrotoxicity, particularly in adults and potentially in fetuses due to the immature renal function in newborns. This could lead to complications such as altered fluid and electrolyte balance and, in severe cases, may necessitate further medical intervention postpartum.

While cardiac malformations and thyroid dysfunction have associated risks with certain medications, they are not typically linked to aminoglycosides, thus making renal complications and hearing loss the primary areas of concern regarding the use of this class of antibiotics