What type of pleural effusion is most commonly associated with lymphatic obstruction?

Chylothorax is the type of pleural effusion that is most commonly associated with lymphatic obstruction. This condition occurs when there is an accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the pleural space, typically due to disruption or obstruction of the thoracic duct. Conditions that can cause lymphatic obstruction include trauma, malignancies, and infections. The lymphatic fluid that pools in the pleural cavity is rich in triglycerides, which distinguishes chylothorax from other types of effusions.

In contrast, transudative effusions are usually due to systemic factors that alter the balance of hydrostatic and oncotic pressures, such as heart failure or cirrhosis, rather than lymphatic obstruction. Exudative effusions result from local factors like infection or inflammation, leading to increased permeability of pleural membranes. Hemothorax involves the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity, typically following trauma or vascular injury, rather than lymphatic fluid.