Which class of antibiotics is known to potentiate neuromuscular blockade when using MgSO4?

Aminoglycoside antibiotics are known to potentiate neuromuscular blockade when used concurrently with magnesium sulfate (MgSO4). This interaction occurs because both aminoglycosides and magnesium can interfere with neuromuscular transmission, leading to increased risk of respiratory depression and prolonged neuromuscular blockade. Aminoglycosides, like gentamicin and tobramycin, act on the presynaptic region of the neuromuscular junction. When magnesium sulfate is administered, it can enhance this effect, resulting in a compounded risk of muscle weakness and respiratory difficulties.

Understanding this interaction is crucial in clinical practice, especially in situations where both neuromuscular function and magnesium levels need to be closely monitored, such as in pregnant patients receiving MgSO4 for various obstetric indications.