Which laboratory findings can help distinguish a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flare from preeclampsia?

Increased anti-dsDNA is a significant laboratory finding that can help distinguish a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flare from preeclampsia. During an SLE flare, there is typically an exacerbation of the autoimmune process, leading to an increase in the levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies, which are highly specific markers for SLE activity. The rise in these antibodies correlates with disease activity and can indicate a flare.

In contrast to the findings associated with SLE, preeclampsia involves distinct pathophysiological changes, and while proteins may be present in urine due to its effects on renal function, an increase in anti-dsDNA antibodies would not be expected in that scenario. This highlights the importance of the antibody in SLE management and diagnosis, particularly when differentiating between SLE-related complications and pregnancy-induced conditions.

Normal complement levels generally suggest that there is no active lupus flare, as complement consumption occurs during active disease, making this finding less relevant for identifying a flare. The presence of urinary protein can be indicative of various conditions, including preeclampsia and renal involvement in lupus but is not specific enough to differentiate between the two. Elevated liver enzymes may also be a concern in