Which maternal condition requires monitoring for hydrops or anemia after diagnosis for eight weeks?

Parvovirus B19 is known to cause fetal anemia and can lead to fetal hydrops if the infection occurs during pregnancy, particularly in the first and second trimesters. After a maternal infection has been confirmed, monitoring for eight weeks is essential to ensure that any potential complications such as anemia or hydrops are promptly identified and managed. The virus specifically targets erythroid progenitor cells, which can impair fetal erythropoiesis, leading to severe anemia. If significant fetal anemia develops, it may manifest as hydrops fetalis, characterized by the accumulation of fluid in fetal compartments.

In contrast, other conditions mentioned do not have the same risk profile for the development of hydrops or anemia requiring the same level of extended monitoring:

• Brucellosis, while it poses risks of infection and complications, does not specifically require eight weeks of hydrops or anemia monitoring in the context described.

• Preeclampsia involves maternal health issues related to hypertension and organ function but is not directly associated with hydrops or fetal anemia.

• Varicella can lead to congenital infections and complications but does not necessitate specific monitoring for hydrops or anemia in the same manner as Parvovirus B19 after an eight-week period post-diagnosis.

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