Which medication is used to treat active tuberculosis in pregnant patients?

The treatment of active tuberculosis (TB) in pregnant patients involves the administration of multiple medications, and all the options listed play a crucial role in the standard treatment regimen. The first-line therapy for active TB typically consists of a combination of isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. However, pyrazinamide is generally avoided during pregnancy due to concerns regarding potential toxicity, leaving the other three medications.

Isoniazid is essential because it effectively inhibits the growth of mycobacteria responsible for TB. Rifampin complements its action by not only killing the bacteria but also preventing the emergence of drug resistance. Ethambutol also contributes to the treatment and works by inhibiting the cell wall synthesis of mycobacteria.

In the case of pregnant patients, health care providers carefully consider the risks and benefits of these medications. Isoniazid and rifampin are known to be safe during pregnancy and are critical in treating active TB. Ethambutol also presents a favorable safety profile. Given that these medications are often used in combination for managing TB effectively, the correct answer encapsulates the importance of all three in treating active TB in pregnant individuals. This multi-drug approach is vital in